The Brain Computer Interface (BCI) allows users to control computers, and other devices, with their thoughts. BCIs record brain activity and translate it into commands for operating the device. They give feedback to the user so that he or she can correct any inputs that resulted in errors.
The most common method for building BCIs involves the use of electrodes connected to the body or head to record brain signals. These digital signals are analyzed to extract relevant signal characteristics that best correspond to the user’s needs. The features that are extracted can include EEG or ECoG response amplitudes and latencies, intensity within specific EEG or ECoG frequency bands and firing rates of individual cortical neurons.
As shown by our survey people are enthusiastic about the prospect of applying BCI technology for a variety of purposes. It is clear that BCI researchers must deal with the concerns raised by the general public as well as their own experts to ensure a responsible growth of this emerging technology.
Of the many challenges to be overcome one of the most important is the improvement of BCI reliability. A BCI must be as reliable in real life as muscle-based actions. This requires an CNS that is sufficiently plastic to allow the BCI learn to reliably identify and respond to the intended commands. The other major challenge is the significant cost of invasive BCIs which include about his initial and ongoing implantation as well as technical support costs. If these costs cannot be diminished significantly, the commercial viability of a BCI will be limited to patients with severe disabilities.